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Why is India building a legal detector? Does the U.S. partnering with India on the same show that the US government believes in the potential of Indian scientists? So let's understand what ligo is a gravitational wave detector? It is an l-shaped instrument which spans many many many kilograms. It is basically the Michelson interfere interferometer design. It has these laser beams that come together and create interference patterns based on how space-time is distorted by gravitational waves, and these interference patterns show us that a gravitational wave has been detected.
Now there are two Lego observatories in the United States: one is, they are about 3000 kilometers apart. We know that uh gravitational waves travel at the speed of light and therefore the gravitational signal which is received in one lab will not be received at the other lab. At the same time, there will be a small, very small-time delay of the order of milliseconds or so, and it is this time delay that enables the lab to determine the position in the sky or in the universe where this gravitational wave source actually is located. So because we have two detectors which are 3000 or so kilometers apart. That'S why? Because of the time delay in the detection of the signal, that's why we are able to determine to some extent where the signal is coming from in the sky.
Now the accuracy of the determination of the source will be greatly improved if you have a third detector even further away and India is a perfect place for that, and that is the reason why the United States is partnering with India to build a legal dictator detector. In India, so this was approved in principle, whatever it means in 2015 or 2016 or thereabouts. It'S been at least five years. I'M not sure what the progress is. I don't know if any construction work has started as of today the uh, the detector is not being basically built in India, it is being assembled in India.
The components will be provided from the US, it will be assembled in India and it will provide the third arm to the third location on the planet from which gravitational waves will be detected, and it is the triangulation of these three detectors and the different detection times. That will enable the determination, with a much greater degree, of precision of the source of the gravitational waves. So the primary reason why it's being built in India is because we need greater accuracy of determining the source of the gravitational waves. And India is a good location for that, so that is the reason why the Americans are willing to locate a league legal detector in India. It has nothing to do with their belief or lack of belief or anything like that in the potential of Indian scientists. Everyone knows, Indian scientists are excellent, they are the best in the world, it has nothing to do with the belief or anything it is to do with practicality.
They need a third detector, far away from the first two detectors and they would rather not partner with china and that's why they have chosen India for this. Now. I don't know how long it's going to take for this detector to be built, but it's going to be a good thing for India, some actual scientific work, even though it's just observational experimental work, but still we will have a world-class facility in India for a change. So it's a good thing: